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Help:IPA/Turkish

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This is the pronunciation key for IPA transcriptions of Turkish on Wikipedia.
It provides a set of symbols to represent the pronunciation of Turkish in Wikipedia articles, and example words that illustrate the sounds that correspond to them. Integrity must be maintained between the key and the transcriptions that link here; do not change any symbol or value without establishing consensus on the talk page first.
For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA. For the distinction between [ ], / / and < > , see IPA SS Brackets and transcription delimiters.
Wikipedia key to pronunciation of Turkish

The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Turkish language pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see Template:IPA and Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation SS Entering IPA characters.

For a more in-depth coverage of the sounds of Turkish, see Turkish phonology.

Consonants
IPA Example English
approximation
b bebeki about
b vucuti[1] like vase, but with both lips
c sekili[2] skew
d maddei ado
dZ ocaki jump
f fari food
g gami[2] ago
j gerceki[2] argue
h anahtari home
j hayati yes
k kabaki[2] core
l bilinci[3] million
l kulaki[2] tail
m cumai much
n nesnei not
n engini[4] canyon
ng yangini[5] wing
p pazari pan
r anahtarlari AmE atom
s sineki send
S kisii shoe
t Turkcei table
tS civii change
v civii[1] vase
z pazari zone
Z jileti leisure
Vowels
IPA Example English
approximation
a kabaki father
ae erkeki[6] cat
e erkeki bed
i civii creek
o tokmaki story
oe ozgurluki somewhat like bird
u ruhi cool
W kisi somewhat like ribbon
y Turkcei somewhat like cue
Suprasegmentals
IPA Examples
' torbali [torba'lW] 'with bag'
Torbali ['torbalW] (a place name)[7]
: a, i, u,[8] g[9] oglan [o:'lan]i 'boy'

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ a b /v/ surfaces as [b] when either preceded or followed by a rounded vowel (but not when intervocalic).
  2. ^ a b c d e [c~k], [j~g], and [l~l] contrast only in loanwords before vs. . In native words, [c, j, l] occur before front vowels ([ae, e, i, oe, y]) and [k, g, l] occur before back vowels ([a, o, u, W]); word-finally or preconsonantally, [c, j, l] occur after front vowels and [k, g, l] occur after back vowels.
  3. ^ [l] is more accurately described as palatalized postalveolar [y], but it is conventionally transcribed with <l> .
  4. ^ [n] appears as an allophone of /n/ before the consonants [j] and [c].
  5. ^ [ng] appears as an allophone of /n/ before the consonants [g] and [k].
  6. ^ Allophone of /e/ before sonorants [l, m, n, n, ng, r] in the same syllable, and in the suffix -mez.
  7. ^ Native Turkish proper nouns are typically stressed on one of the last three syllables, and other words (excepting some words, certain unstressed suffixes and stressed verb tenses) are stressed on the last syllable (see Turkish phonology SS Word-accent).
  8. ^ Duzeltme isareti (Turkish for "correction mark") <^> is a sign which indicates both the vowel length and indicates if the letter represents [c], the letter represents [j] or the letter represents [l] before back vowels [a] and [u].
    Yet the duzeltme isareti is used primarily to indicate palatalization, instead of length. For example, the word katil means "murder" when it is pronounced as [ka'til], but it means "killer" when it is pronounced as [ka:'til]. The letter is left unmarked even if it is long because the sound /k/     does not become /c/ in this case.
    is an exception, as it indicates only the vowel length.
  9. ^ In Turkish, the letter <g> (also called yumusak g, 'soft g') indicates a number of different sounds, depending on context:
    • in syllable-initial positions, is silent and indicates a syllable break, for example: agir ('heavy') [a'Wr], aga ('Agha') [a'a].
    • in other positions, indicates the lengthening of the preceding vowel, for example: dag ('mountain') [da:], dogru ('true') [do:ru].
      • if the lengthened vowel is /e/, it sounds like [j], for example: eglence ('fun') [ejlaen'dZe]
    • in proper names where it may appear following a consonant, it is treated as a , for example: Olgun [ol'gun]
Comparisons
Introductory guides