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YouTube

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YouTube, LLC
Screenshot of YouTube's homepage
TypeSubsidiary
Foundation dateFebruary 14, 2005 (2005-02-14)
Headquarters901 Cherry Avenue, San Bruno, California, United States
Area servedWorldwide (except blocked countries)
Founder(s)
Key peopleSusan Wojcicki (CEO)
Chad Hurley (Adviser)
IndustryInternet
Video hosting service
ParentIndependent (2005-2006)
Google (2006-present)
Slogan(s)Broadcast Yourself (2005-2012)
WebsiteYouTube.com
(see list of localized domain names)
Written inJava,[1] Python[2] and proprietary JavaScript
Alexa rank 2 (July 2017[update])[3]
AdvertisingGoogle AdSense
RegistrationOptional (not required to watch most videos; required for certain tasks such as uploading videos, viewing flagged (18+) videos, creating playlists and posting comments)
LaunchedApril 23, 2005; 20 years ago (2005-04-23)
Current statusActive

YouTube is a free video sharing website that lets people upload, view, and share contents. Contents can be rated with a like or dislike, most contents can be commented on if logged in to an account, and the number of times a video has been watched (known as "views") is put on the site. Users who have accounts can also subscribe to channels. At the moment, Google (a search engine company) owns and operates YouTube. Many different types of videos can be put onto the website, such as educational content, animations, and funny stuff. YouTube was founded on February 14, 2005 by six or seven former workers of PayPal.[4][5]

Features

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YouTube needed the Adobe Flash Player plug-in to play videos in the past.[6] However, in January 2010, YouTube tried using the built-in features of web browsers so people would not need to use Adobe Flash player to watch videos.[7]

All YouTube users can upload 15-minute long videos. Users who have used the site for enough time and follow the rules can upload videos that are 12 hours long. A user needs to verify the account to do this, however.[8] Everyone could upload long videos when YouTube started, but in March 2006 a ten-minute video limit was put in.[9] The limit was changed to 15 minutes in July 2010. Most video formats can be uploaded to YouTube, and videos can also be uploaded from mobile phones.[10]

YouTube is blocked in many schools because it allows children to search for videos online that would otherwise distract them from their lessons, much like how other social networking sites and game sites are blocked for the same purpose. But at a higher level than schools (and in workplaces), even some governments have blocked YouTube access to their country's public, but their reasons can vary. [source?]

On December 3, 2006, the government of Iran blocked YouTube and several other sites in an attempt to stop films and music from other countries from being seen.[11]

Turkey blocked YouTube on March 6 2007 for letting videos that were insulting or discriminating to Turks and Ataturk, who is the founder of modern Turkey, to be shown, because of a "virtual war" between Greeks, Armenians, Kurds and Turks on YouTube, with people from each side posting videos to hurt the other.[12] The video that caused banning alleged Turks and Ataturk to be 'gay'. The video was first mentioned on Turkish CNN and the Istanbul public prosecutor sued YouTube for being mean to Turkishness.[13] The court suspended access to YouTube while waiting for the removal of the video. The ban was strongly criticized. YouTube lawyers sent documentary of removal to court and users could access the website again on March 9 2007.[14]

Thailand

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During the week of March 8, YouTube was blocked in Thailand.[15] Many bloggers (people who have a "diary" online) believed the reason YouTube was blocked was because of a video of the former Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra's speech on CNN. However, the government did not confirm or give reasons for the ban. YouTube was accessible from March 10.

On the night of April 3, YouTube was again blocked in Thailand.[16] The government said it was because of a video on the site that it said was "insulting" to King Bhumibol Adulyadej.[17] The Ministry of Information and Communication Technology claimed that it would unblock YouTube in a few days, after websites containing references to this video are blocked instead of the entire website.[18] Communications Minister Sitthichai Pookaiyaudom said, "When they decide to withdraw the clip, we will withdraw the ban."[19] Soon after this incident the internet technology blog Mashable was banned from Thailand over the reporting of the YouTube clips in question.[20]

Brazilian model lawsuit and banning that came after

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YouTube is being sued by Brazilian model and MTV VJ Daniela Cicarelli (better known as Ronaldo's ex-fiancee) on the grounds that the site is making available a video footage made by a paparazzi, in which she and her boyfriend are having sex on a Spanish beach. The lawsuit says that YouTube has to be blocked in Brazil until all copies of the video are removed. On Saturday, January 6, 2007, a legal injunction ordered that filters be put in place to prevent users in Brazil from going to the website.[21][22]

The effectiveness of the measure has been questioned, since the video is not available only on YouTube, but rather has become an Internet phenomenon. On Tuesday, January 9, 2007, the same court overturned their earlier decision, ordering the filters to be taken down, even though the footage was still forbidden, but without technical support for its blockage.[23]

On May 25, 2007 the state-owned company Maroc Telecom blocked all access to YouTube.[24] There were no reasons given why YouTube was blocked. But the guesses are that it might have something to do with some pro-separatist group Polisario clips (Polisario is the Western Sahara independence movement) or because of some videos that criticized King Mohammed VI. This block did not concern the other two private internet-providers, Wana and Meditel. YouTube became accessible again on May 30th, 2007 after Maroc Telecom unofficially announced that the denied access to the website was only a "technical glitch".[25]

Australia

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In Australia, some schools, including all secondary schools in Victoria, have YouTube blocked from student access, after fights have been posted on YouTube.

Currently in China the government has blocked YouTube. For several years it has been unblocked but since the past five years it has been blocked.[26][27][28][29]

Terms of service

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According the site's terms of service,[30] users may upload videos only if they have the permission of the copyright holder and of the people in the video. Pornography, defamation, harassment, commercials and videos that encourage criminal conduct may not be uploaded. The uploader gives YouTube permission to give out and change the uploaded video for any purpose, and they do not have permission anymore when the uploader deletes the video from the site. Users may view videos on the site but are not allowed to save them on their computers.

Localization

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On June 19, 2007, Google CEO Eric Schmidt was in Paris to launch the new localization system.[31] The interface of the website is available with localized versions in 90 countries, and a worldwide version.[32]

Country Language Headquarters Launch date
United States (worldwide launch and first global location) English San Bruno February 15, 2005[31]
Brazil Portuguese Sao Paulo June 19, 2007[31]
France French, and Basque Paris June 19, 2007[31]
Ireland English Dublin June 19, 2007[31]
Italy Italian Rome June 19, 2007[31]
Japan Japanese Tokyo June 19, 2007[31]
Netherlands Dutch Amsterdam June 19, 2007[31]
Poland Polish Warsaw June 19, 2007[31]
Spain Spanish, Galician, Catalan, and Basque Madrid June 19, 2007[31]
United Kingdom English London June 19, 2007[31]
Mexico Spanish Mexico City October 11, 2007[33]
Hong Kong Chinese, and English Hong Kong October 17, 2007[34]
Taiwan Chinese Taipei October 18, 2007[35]
Australia English Sydney October 22, 2007[36]
New Zealand English Auckland October 22, 2007[36]
Canada English, and French Toronto November 6, 2007[37]
Germany German Berlin November 8, 2007[38]
Russia Russian Moscow November 13, 2007[39]
South Korea Korean Seoul January 23, 2008[40]
India Hindi, Bengali, English, Gujarati, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Punjabi, Tamil, Telugu, and Urdu Mumbai May 7, 2008[41]
Israel Hebrew, Arabic, and English Tel Aviv September 16, 2008[42]
Czech Republic Czech Prague October 9, 2008[43]
Sweden Swedish Stockholm October 22, 2008[44]
South Africa Afrikaans, Zulu, and English Johannesburg May 17, 2010[45]
Argentina Spanish Buenos Aires September 8, 2010[46]
Algeria Arabic, and French Algiers March 9, 2011[47]
Egypt Arabic Cairo March 9, 2011[47]
Jordan Arabic Amman March 9, 2011[47]
Morocco Arabic, and French Rabat March 9, 2011[47]
Saudi Arabia Arabic, and English Riyadh March 9, 2011[47]
Tunisia Arabic, and French Tunis March 9, 2011[47]
Yemen Arabic Sana'a March 9, 2011[47]
Kenya Swahili, and English Nairobi September 1, 2011[48]
Philippines Filipino, and English Quezon City October 13, 2011[49]
Singapore Chinese, English, Malay, and Tamil Singapore City October 20, 2011[50]
Belgium French, Dutch, and German Antwerp November 11, 2011[51]
Colombia Spanish Bogota November 30, 2011[52]
Uganda English, and Swahili Kampala December 2, 2011[53]
Nigeria English Lagos December 7, 2011[54]
Chile Spanish Santiago January 10, 2012[55]
Hungary Hungarian Budapest February 29, 2012[56]
Malaysia Malay, and English Kuala Lumpur March 22, 2012[57]
Peru Spanish Lima March 25, 2012[58]
United Arab Emirates Arabic, and English Dubai March 29, 2012[59]
Greece Greek Athens May 1, 2012[60]
Indonesia Indonesian, and English Jakarta May 17, 2012[61]
Ghana English Accra June 5, 2012[62]
Senegal French, and English Dakar July 4, 2012[63]
Turkey Turkish Istanbul October 1, 2012[64]
Ukraine Ukrainian, and Russian Kiev December 1, 2012[65]
Denmark Danish Copenhagen February 1, 2013[66]
Finland Finnish Helsinki February 1, 2013[67]
Norway Norwegian Oslo February 1, 2013[68]
Switzerland German, French, and Italian Zurich March 29, 2013[69]
Austria German Vienna March 29, 2013[70]
Romania Romanian Bucharest April 18, 2013[71]
Slovakia Slovak Bratislava April 25, 2013[72]
Portugal Portuguese Lisbon April 25, 2013[73]
Bahrain Arabic Manama August 16, 2013[74]
Kuwait Arabic Kuwait City August 16, 2013[74]
Oman Arabic Muscat August 16, 2013[74]
Qatar Arabic Doha August 16, 2013[74]
Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnian, Croatian, and Serbian Sarajevo March 17, 2014[75]
Bulgaria Bulgarian Sofia March 17, 2014[76]
Croatia Croatian Zagreb March 17, 2014[77]
Estonia Estonian Tallinn March 17, 2014[78]
Latvia Latvian Riga March 17, 2014[79]
Lithuania Lithuanian Vilnius March 17, 2014[80]
Macedonia Macedonian, Albanian, Serbian, and Turkish Skopje March 17, 2014[81]
Montenegro Serbian, and Croatian Podgorica March 17, 2014[82]
Serbia Serbian Belgrade March 17, 2014[83]
Slovenia Slovenian Ljubljana March 17, 2014[84]
Thailand Thai Bangkok April 1, 2014[85]
Lebanon Arabic, and French Beirut May 1, 2014[74]
Puerto Rico Spanish, and English San Juan August 23, 2014[86]
Vietnam Vietnamese Hanoi October 1, 2014[87]
Libya Arabic Tripoli February 1, 2015[88]
Iceland Icelandic Reykjavik June 2, 2015[89]
Luxembourg French, and German Luxembourg June 2, 2015[90]
Tanzania Swahili, and English Dodoma June 2, 2015[91]
Zimbabwe English Harare June 2, 2015[92]
Azerbaijan Azerbaijani Baku October 12, 2015
Belarus Russian Minsk October 12, 2015
Georgia Georgian Tbilisi October 12, 2015
Kazakhstan Kazakh Astana October 12, 2015
Iraq Arabic Baghdad November 9, 2015
Nepal Nepali Kathmandu January 12, 2016
Pakistan Urdu, and English Karachi January 12, 2016
Sri Lanka Sinhala, and Tamil Colombo January 12, 2016
Jamaica English Kingston August 4, 2016
Malta Maltese, and English Valletta June 24, 2018
Bolivia Spanish La Paz January 30, 2019
Costa Rica Spanish San Jose January 30, 2019
Ecuador Spanish Quito January 30, 2019
El Salvador Spanish San Salvador January 30, 2019
Guatemala Spanish Guatemala City January 30, 2019
Honduras Spanish Tegucigalpa January 30, 2019
Nicaragua Spanish Managua January 30, 2019
Panama Spanish Panama City January 30, 2019
Uruguay Spanish Montevideo January 30, 2019
Paraguay Spanish Asuncion February 21, 2019
Dominican Republic Spanish Santo Domingo February 21, 2019
Cyprus Greek, and Turkish Nicosia March 13, 2019
Liechtenstein German Vaduz March 13, 2019
Venezuela Spanish Caracas March 10, 2020
Papua New Guinea English Port Moresby June 10, 2020
Bangladesh Bengali Dhaka September 2, 2020
Cambodia Khmer Phnom Penh August 25, 2022
Laos Lao Vientiane August 25, 2022
Moldova (last global location) Romanian, and Russian Chisinau March 26, 2024

Testing language

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The interface of the YouTube website is available in 76 language versions including, Albanian, Amharic, Armenian, Bengali, Burmese, Khmer, Kyrgyz, Laotian, Mongolian, Persian and Uzbek, which do have local channel versions.

References

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  92. | Google launches YouTube Zimbabwe June 2, 2015. Retrieved June 20, 2015.

Other websites

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