Reiser4
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| Reiser4 | |
|---|---|
| Razrabotchik | Namesys |
| Data predstavleniia | 2004 |
| Vozmozhnosti | |
| Podderzhivaetsia OS | Linux |
Reiser4 -- 4-ia versiia zhurnaliruemoi failovoi sistemy ReiserFS, razrabotannoi dlia Linux kompaniei Namesys pod rukovodstvom Khansa Raizera. Sistema byla predstavlena v 2004 godu i vkliuchala takie sovremennye tekhnologii, kak zaderzhka vydeleniia prostranstva, vstroennuiu vozmozhnost' kodirovaniia i szhatiia dannykh, tranzaktsii. Posle aresta Raizera za ubiistvo v 2008 godu podderzhka etoi failovoi sistemy postepenno zatukhala, i v 2025 godu ona polnost'iu byla iskliuchena iz iadra Linux, a stranitsa eio podderzhki byla otpravlena v arkhiv[1].
Tekhnicheskie podrobnosti
[pravit' | pravit' kod]Reiser4 imeet sleduiushchie preimushchestva:
- atomarnaia struktura FS (atomic filesystem) -- pozvoliaet proizvodit' operatsii failovoi sistemy ili polnost'iu, ili nikak, no ne napolovinu; eto povyshaet nadiozhnost' khraneniia dannykh;
- Ispol'zuet algoritm tantsuiushchego dereva (angl. dancing trees), kotoryi prishiol na smenu algoritmu B+-dereva, ispol'zuemogo v bazakh dannykh; eto pozvoliaet Reiser4 bolee effektivno ispol'zovat' prostranstvo blagodaria tomu, chto malen'kie faily khraniatsia vmeste, i bolee vysokoi skorosti raboty, tak kak derevo balansiruetsia tol'ko pri zapisi na disk, dostizhenii predela pamiati ili zavershenii tranzaktsii; blagodaria redkoi optimizatsii poiavliaetsia vozmozhnost' dostizheniia bolee glubokogo urovnia eio provedeniia.
- Arkhitektura Reiser4 osnovana na plaginakh, chto v budushchem mozhet oblegchit' dobavlenie novykh vozmozhnostei v failovuiu sistemu. Iz znachimykh plaginov na dannyi moment sushchestvuet plagin prozrachnoi kompressii (arkhivator), pozvoliaiushchii szhimat' soderzhimoe failov pered zapis'iu na disk (chto takzhe znachitel'no uvelichivaet skorost' raboty, umen'shaia neposredstvenno schityvaemyi/zapisyvaemyi ob'iom dannykh, sm. vyshe).
Istoriia razrabotki
[pravit' | pravit' kod]Nesmotria na arest Khansa Raizera i prekrashchenie aktivnosti kompanii Namesys[2], razrabotka Reiser4 prodolzhalas'[3] rossiiskim programmistom Eduardom Shishkinym i nebol'shoi gruppoi entuziastov.
Po utverzhdeniiu[4] Shishkina, k apreliu 2009 goda pochti vse pretenzii razrabotchikov iadra byli ustraneny i on nachal gotovit' dokumentatsiiu dlia nezavisimoi otsenki. Planirovalsia doklad na konferentsii USENIX Annual v iiune 2010 goda. No uvy, v osnovnuiu vetku iadra podderzhku reiser4 ne vkliuchili.[5]. Po ego mneniiu, vkliuchenie reiser4 v postavku iadra Linux maloveroiatno: <
Tsitaty:
Reiser4 -- eto rezul'tat 18-letnikh issledovanii v oblasti khraneniia dannykh, ne priviazannyi k konkretnoi operatsionnoi sisteme.
Rezul'tat, nad kotorym rabotalo mnogo uchenykh.Eduard Shishkin[6]
vsia istoriia Namesys -- eto nepreryvnye kontakty s akademicheskimi institutami (MGU, Institut programmnykh sistem RAN v Pereslavle-Zalesskom).
XFS -- eto tozhe tselaia shkola v Silicon Graphics. A Btrfs -- eto istoriia chego?Eduard Shishkin[6]
V 2019 godu Shishkin anonsiroval ReiserFS 5[7], no na moment 2026 goda piataia versiia tak i ne poiavilas', a chetviortaia byla zabroshena[8].
Na moment 2025 goda podderzhka vsekh versii ReiserFS ubrana iz iadra Linux.
Primechaniia
[pravit' | pravit' kod]- | Reiser4 FS Wiki . archive.kernel.org. Data obrashcheniia: 22 fevralia 2026.
- | Namesys vanishes, but Reiser project lives on Arkhivnaia kopiia ot 5 sentiabria 2008 na Wayback Machine (angl.)
- | Reiser4 Update | KernelTrap
- | Re: Formal Reiser4 inclusion and todo list? Arkhivnaia kopiia ot 14 marta 2017 na Wayback Machine (angl.)
- | Reiser4 May Go For Mainline Inclusion In 2010 Arkhivnaia kopiia ot 12 noiabria 2009 na Wayback Machine (angl.)
- | 1 2 3 Interv'iu s razrabotchikom reiser4 Eduardom Shishkinym Arkhivnaia kopiia ot 5 maia 2012 na Wayback Machine (rus.)
- | [ANNOUNCE] Reiser5 (Format Release 5.X.Y) [LWN.net] . lwn.net. Data obrashcheniia: 22 fevralia 2026.
- | Reiser5 Would Be Turning Five Years Old But Remains Dead (angl.). www.phoronix.com. Data obrashcheniia: 22 fevralia 2026.
Sm. takzhe
[pravit' | pravit' kod]Ssylki
[pravit' | pravit' kod]- Reiser4 file system for Linux OS Proekt razrabotchika reiser4 Edvarda Shishkina.
- The upstream Reiser4 Proekt razrabotchika reiser4 Edvarda Shishkina na GitHub.
- Firmennoe opisanie Reiser4 (angl.)
- Tekhnicheskoe wiki o Reiser4
- Peshekhodov A. Kak ustroena failovaia sistema reiser4
- Patchi na original'noe iadro
- Utility dlia sozdaniia, vosstanovleniia, i.t.d. FS.
- Sborka iadra s Reiser4-patchem v Debian GNU/Linux Squeeze
- Sokhranionnaia kopiia saita Namesys ot 23 oktiabria 2007 goda v Arkhive Interneta
- Kak ia pisal LZ4 plagin kompressii dlia Reiser4
- Reiser4 Debianized Kernel -- installiatory Debian s podderzhkoi Reiser4