robust

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

English

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Etymology

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Learned borrowing from Latin robustus.

Pronunciation

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(Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /r@(U)'b^st/, /'r@U,b^st/
- Audio (UK): (file)
- Audio (Southern England): (file)

(General American) IPA^(key): /roU'b@st/, /'roU,b@st/

Rhymes: -^st
Hyphenation: ro.bust

Adjective

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robust (comparative more robust or (uncommon) robuster, superlative most robust or (uncommon) robustest)

Able to withstand adverse conditions.
Synonym: sturdy

Antonym: fragile
Evincing strength and health; strong; (often, especially) both large and healthy.
He was a robust man of six feet four.

robust health

A robust wall was put up.
- 1869, Anthony Trollope, Phineas Finn:
  She was stronger, larger, more robust physically than he had hitherto conceived.
Requiring strength or vigor.
robust employment
Sensible (of intellect etc.); straightforward, not given to or confused by uncertainty or subtlety.
robust findings

robust proof

robust explanation

robust lesson
(euphemistic) Rough; rude.
- 2011 October 1, Phil McNulty, "Everton 0 - 2 Liverpool", in BBC Sport^[1]:
  As a frenetic opening continued, Cahill - whose robust approach had already prompted Jamie Carragher to register his displeasure to Atkinson - rose above the Liverpool defence to force keeper Pepe Reina into an athletic tip over the top.
(systems engineering) Designed or evolved in such a way as to be resistant to total failure despite partial damage.
(software engineering) Resistant or impervious to failure regardless of user input or unexpected conditions.
(statistics) Not greatly influenced by errors in assumptions about the distribution of sample errors.
(chiefly zoology, anthropology, paleontology) Of an individual or skeletal element: strongly built; muscular; not gracile.

evincing strength

Albanian: ardhanget (sq)
Bulgarian: iak (bg) (jak), zdrav (bg) (zdrav), silen (bg) (silen)
Catalan: robust (ca)
Dutch: robuust (nl), degelijk (nl)
Finnish: jykeva (fi), vankka (fi), roteva (fi), vahva (fi), robusti (fi)
French: robuste (fr), costaud (fr)
Galician: robusto (gl), rufo (gl)
German: robust (de), widerstandsfahig (de), kraftig (de), zah (de), herausfordernd (de), anspruchsvoll (de), grob (de), resilient (de), solide (de)
Greek: romaleos (el) (romaleos)
Hebrew: Hsvn (he) (chason), Aytn (he) (etan)
Hungarian: robusztus (hu), eros (hu), eroteljes (hu), massziv (hu), szilard (hu)
Ido: robusta (io)
Indonesian: tegar (id)
Irish: urrunta
Italian: robusto (it)
Latin: robustus
Macedonian: silen (silen), zdrav (zdrav), jak (jak), tsvrst (cvrst)
Malay: lasak, teguh (ms)
Maori: ruarangi, hiwa (referring to growth), whakapuioio, totopu (of solid quality)
Mongolian: bokh (mn) (box)
Norman: fringant
Norwegian:
Bokmal: robust (no)

Nynorsk: robust
Polish: krzepki (pl), silny (pl), rozrosly, czerstwy (pl), wysportowany (pl)
Portuguese: robusto (pt)
Quechua: nanaq
Romanian: robust (ro), puternic (ro), vanjos (ro)
Russian: krepkii (ru) (krepkij), zdorovyi (ru) (zdorovyj)
Scottish Gaelic: laidir
Slovene: robusten
Spanish: robusto (es)
Swedish: robust (sv)
Ukrainian: kripkii (uk) (kripkyj), zdorovii (zdorovyj)

Anagrams

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brotus, or bust, turbos

Catalan

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Latin robustus. First attested in c. 1400.^[1]

Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): (Central) [ru'bust]
IPA^(key): (Balearic) [ru'bust]
IPA^(key): (Valencia) [ro'bust]
Audio (Barcelona): (file)

Adjective

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robust (feminine robusta, masculine plural robusts or robustos, feminine plural robustes)

robust (evincing strength and health)
Synonyms: fort, vigoros

Derived terms

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References

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^ "robust", in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopedia Catalana, 2026

German

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Etymology

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Learned borrowing from Latin robustus.

Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): /Ro'bUst/
Audio: (file)
Audio (Germany (Berlin)): (file)
Hyphenation: ro.bust
Rhymes: -Ust

Adjective

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robust (strong nominative masculine singular robuster, comparative robuster, superlative am robustesten)

robust

Declension

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Positive forms of robust

number & gender		singular			plural
number & gender		masculine	feminine	neuter	plural
predicative		er ist robust	sie ist robust	es ist robust	sie sind robust
strong declension (without article)	nominative	robuster	robuste	robustes	robuste
	genitive	robusten	robuster	robusten	robuster
	dative	robustem	robuster	robustem	robusten
	accusative	robusten	robuste	robustes	robuste
weak declension (with definite article)	nominative	der robuste	die robuste	das robuste	die robusten
	genitive	des robusten	der robusten	des robusten	der robusten
	dative	dem robusten	der robusten	dem robusten	den robusten
	accusative	den robusten	die robuste	das robuste	die robusten
mixed declension (with indefinite article)	nominative	ein robuster	eine robuste	ein robustes	(keine) robusten
	genitive	eines robusten	einer robusten	eines robusten	(keiner) robusten
	dative	einem robusten	einer robusten	einem robusten	(keinen) robusten
	accusative	einen robusten	eine robuste	ein robustes	(keine) robusten

Comparative forms of robust

number & gender		singular			plural
number & gender		masculine	feminine	neuter	plural
predicative		er ist robuster	sie ist robuster	es ist robuster	sie sind robuster
strong declension (without article)	nominative	robusterer	robustere	robusteres	robustere
	genitive	robusteren	robusterer	robusteren	robusterer
	dative	robusterem	robusterer	robusterem	robusteren
	accusative	robusteren	robustere	robusteres	robustere
weak declension (with definite article)	nominative	der robustere	die robustere	das robustere	die robusteren
	genitive	des robusteren	der robusteren	des robusteren	der robusteren
	dative	dem robusteren	der robusteren	dem robusteren	den robusteren
	accusative	den robusteren	die robustere	das robustere	die robusteren
mixed declension (with indefinite article)	nominative	ein robusterer	eine robustere	ein robusteres	(keine) robusteren
	genitive	eines robusteren	einer robusteren	eines robusteren	(keiner) robusteren
	dative	einem robusteren	einer robusteren	einem robusteren	(keinen) robusteren
	accusative	einen robusteren	eine robustere	ein robusteres	(keine) robusteren

Superlative forms of robust

number & gender		singular			plural
number & gender		masculine	feminine	neuter	plural
predicative		er ist am robustesten	sie ist am robustesten	es ist am robustesten	sie sind am robustesten
strong declension (without article)	nominative	robustester	robusteste	robustestes	robusteste
	genitive	robustesten	robustester	robustesten	robustester
	dative	robustestem	robustester	robustestem	robustesten
	accusative	robustesten	robusteste	robustestes	robusteste
weak declension (with definite article)	nominative	der robusteste	die robusteste	das robusteste	die robustesten
	genitive	des robustesten	der robustesten	des robustesten	der robustesten
	dative	dem robustesten	der robustesten	dem robustesten	den robustesten
	accusative	den robustesten	die robusteste	das robusteste	die robustesten
mixed declension (with indefinite article)	nominative	ein robustester	eine robusteste	ein robustestes	(keine) robustesten
	genitive	eines robustesten	einer robustesten	eines robustesten	(keiner) robustesten
	dative	einem robustesten	einer robustesten	einem robustesten	(keinen) robustesten
	accusative	einen robustesten	eine robusteste	ein robustestes	(keine) robustesten

Derived terms

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Robustheit

Norwegian Bokmal

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Etymology

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From Latin robustus.

Adjective

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robust (neuter singular robust, definite singular and plural robuste)

robust, sturdy

References

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"robust" in The Bokmal Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

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Etymology

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From Latin robustus.

Adjective

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robust (neuter singular robust, definite singular and plural robuste)

robust, sturdy

References

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"robust" in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Romanian

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Etymology

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Borrowed from French robuste, from Latin robustus.

Adjective

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robust m or n (feminine singular robusta, masculine plural robusti, feminine/neuter plural robuste)

robust

Declension

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Declension of *robust*
		masculine	feminine	masculine	neuter
		singular		plural
nominative- accusative	indefinite	robust	robusta	robusti	robuste
nominative- accusative	definite	robustul	robusta	robustii	robustele
genitive- dative	indefinite	robust	robuste	robusti	robuste
genitive- dative	definite	robustului	robustei	robustilor	robustelor

Swedish

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Adjective

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robust (comparative robustare, superlative robustast)

robust

Declension

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Inflection of **robust**
Indefinite	positive	comparative	superlative¹
common singular	robust	robustare	robustast
neuter singular	robust	robustare	robustast
plural	robusta	robustare	robustast
masculine plural²	robuste	robustare	robustast

Definite	positive	comparative	superlative
masculine singular³	robuste	robustare	robustaste
all	robusta	robustare	robustaste

¹ The indefinite superlative forms are only used in the predicative.
² Dated or archaic.
³ Only used, optionally, to refer to things whose natural gender is masculine.

References

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"robust", in Svensk ordbok [Dictionary of Swedish] (in Swedish), (Can we date this quote?)
"robust", in Svenska Akademiens ordlista [Wordlist of the Swedish Academy] (in Swedish), (Can we date this quote?)
"robust", in Svenska Akademiens ordbok [Dictionary of the Swedish Academy] (in Swedish), (Can we date this quote?)

Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=robust&oldid=89631283"

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English

Etymology

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Adjective

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Anagrams

Catalan

Etymology

Pronunciation

Adjective

Derived terms

References

Further reading

German

Etymology

Pronunciation

Adjective

Declension

Derived terms

Further reading

Norwegian Bokmal

Etymology

Adjective

References

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

Adjective

References

Romanian

Etymology

Adjective

Declension

Swedish

Adjective

Declension

See also

References