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Bezhetsk

Town in Tver Oblast, Russia

Town in Tver Oblast, Russia
Bezhetsk
Bezhetsk
Town[1]
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Bezhetsk
Location of Bezhetsk
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Bezhetsk
Bezhetsk (Tver Oblast)
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Coordinates: 57deg46'N 36deg42'E / 57.767degN 36.700degE / 57.767; 36.700
CountryRussia
Federal subjectTver Oblast[1]
Administrative districtBezhetsky District[2]
Urban settlementSelsovietBezhetsk[2]
Town status since1776
Elevation
145 m (476 ft)
Population
* Total
24,522
* Estimate
(2021)
21,466 (-12.5%)
* Capital ofBezhetsky District,[4] Bezhetsk Urban Settlement[2]
* Municipal districtBezhetsky Municipal District[5]
* Urban settlementBezhetsk Urban Settlement[5]
* Capital ofBezhetsky Municipal District,[6] Bezhetsk Urban Settlement[5]
Time zoneUTC+3 (MSK [7])
Postal codes[8]
171980-171984, 171987, 171988, 171999
Dialing code+7 48231
OKTMO ID28604101001
Websitebezhetsk.tv

Bezhetsk (Russian: Bezhetsk) is a town and the administrative center of Bezhetsky District in Tver Oblast, Russia, located on the Mologa River at its confluence with the Ostrechina. Population: 24,522 (2010 census);[3] 28,643 (2002 census);[9] 30,377 (1989 Soviet census);[10] 20,618 (2024). It was previously known as Gorodetsk (until 1766).[11]

History

[edit]

The settlement of Bezhichi was first mentioned in 1137, when it was owned by Novgorod. The original name, with the literal meaning of "refugees", suggests that early settlers were former Novgorodians. Historical Bezhichi was located 20 kilometers (12 mi) north from the present-day town; the settlement was destroyed by raiders in 1272 and re-established on the present site as the fortress of Gorodetsk (Gorodetsk).

In the early 15th century, the area of Bezhetsky Verkh was annexed by Grand Duchy of Moscow. Since 1433, Bezhetsk had its own prince, who was subordinate to the Grand Prince of Moscow.[11]

In the course of the administrative reform carried out in 1708 by Peter the Great, Gorodetsk was included into Ingermanland Governorate (known since 1710 as St. Petersburg Governorate), but in 1727 it was transferred to Moscow Governorate.[citation needed] In 1766, Gorodetsk was renamed Bezhetsk.[11] In 1775, Tver Viceroyalty was formed from the lands which previously belonged to Moscow and Novgorod Governorates.[citation needed] In 1776, Bezhetsk became the seat of Bezhetsky Uyezd.[citation needed] In 1796, Tver Viceroyalty was transformed into Tver Governorate.[citation needed] Bezhetsk remained the administrative center of the uyezd until 1929.[12]

On July 12, 1929, the governorates and uyezds were abolished.[12] Bezhetsky District, with the administrative center in Bezhetsk, was established within Bezhetsk Okrug of Moscow Oblast.[12] On July 23, 1930, the okrugs were abolished and the districts were directly subordinated to the oblast.[12] On January 29, 1935, Kalinin Oblast was established and Bezhetsk was transferred to Tver Oblast.[12] In 1990, Kalinin Oblast was renamed Tver Oblast.[13]

In the late 20th century, Bezhetsk, as a "reference small town" with well-preserved archives, became a subject of detailed academic studies of the 18th-century Russian countryside.[14][page needed]

Administrative and municipal status

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Within the framework of administrative divisions, Bezhetsk serves as the administrative center of Bezhetsky District.[4] As an administrative division, it is, together with four rural localities, incorporated within Bezhetsky District as Bezhetsk Urban Settlement.[2] As a municipal division, this administrative unit also has urban settlement status and is a part of Bezhetsky Municipal District.[5]

Economy

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Enterprises of timber, textile, and food industries, as well as a plant producing air compressors, are located in Bezhetsk.[15]

Transportation

[edit]
Bezhetsk railway station

A railway connecting Rybinsk and Bologoye via Sonkovo passes through Bezhetsk, which is an important railway station.

Bezhetsk is located on the road connecting Tver and Vesyegonsk. It is also connected by roads with Sonkovo, Kesova Gora, and Maksatikha. There are local roads as well, with bus traffic originating from Bezhetsk.

The Mologa River is not navigable.

Culture and recreation

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Bezhetsk contains seven cultural heritage monuments of federal significance and additionally twenty-four objects classified as cultural and historical heritage of local significance. The federal monuments include trade arcades and the Church of the Presentation of Mary.[16] The oldest building in Bezhetsk is the white tent-like campanile of the Vvedenskaya Church, which was built by Yaroslavl masters in 1680-1682. The church itself was destroyed during the Soviet years. The Vozdvizhenskaya church goes back to the turn of the 18th century.

The Bezhetsk District and Literature Museum, located in Bezhetsk, shows expositions about the author Vyacheslav Shishkov and the musician Vasily Andreyev, who were both born in Bezhetsk.[17]

Military

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Bezhetsk is home to Dorokhovo, a major military air base.

Notable people

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Bezhetsk and Bezhetsky Uyezd were the birthplace of writer Vyacheslav Shishkov, artists Alexander Samokhvalov and Sergey Osipov, and musician Vasily Andreyev.

References

[edit]
The Transfiguration Church in Bezhetsk

Notes

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  1. ^ a b Law #34-ZO
  2. ^ a b c d Law #34-ZO stipulates that the borders of the settlements (administrative-territorial divisions) are identical to the borders of the urban and rural settlements (municipal divisions), and that the borders of the administrative districts are identical to the borders of the municipal districts. Law #18-ZO, which describes the borders and the composition of the municipal formations in Bezhetsky Municipal District, lists the town of Bezhetsk as a part and the administrative center of Bezhetsk Urban Settlement of that district.
  3. ^ a b Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Vserossiiskaia perepis' naseleniia 2010 goda. Tom 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Vserossiiskaia perepis' naseleniia 2010 goda [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
  4. ^ a b Gosudarstvennyi komitet Rossiiskoi Federatsii po statistike. Komitet Rossiiskoi Federatsii po standartizatsii, metrologii i sertifikatsii. No. OK 019-95 1 ianvaria 1997 g. <<Obshcherossiiskii klassifikator ob'ektov administrativno-territorial'nogo deleniia. Kod 28 204>>, v red. izmeneniia No. 278/2015 ot 1 ianvaria 2016 g.. (State Statistics Committee of the Russian Federation. Committee of the Russian Federation on Standardization, Metrology, and Certification. #OK 019-95 January 1, 1997 Russian Classification of Objects of Administrative Division (OKATO). Code 28 204, as amended by the Amendment #278/2015 of January 1, 2016. ).
  5. ^ a b c d Law #18-ZO
  6. ^ Law #4-ZO
  7. ^ "Ob ischislenii vremeni". Ofitsial'nyi internet-portal pravovoi informatsii (in Russian). June 3, 2011. Retrieved January 19, 2019.
  8. ^ Pochta Rossii. Informatsionno-vychislitel'nyi tsentr OASU RPO. (Russian Post). Poisk ob'ektov pochtovoi sviazi (Postal Objects Search) (in Russian)
  9. ^ Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). Chislennost' naseleniia Rossii, sub'ektov Rossiiskoi Federatsii v sostave federal'nykh okrugov, raionov, gorodskikh poselenii, sel'skikh naselionnykh punktov - raionnykh tsentrov i sel'skikh naselionnykh punktov s naseleniem 3 tysiachi i bolee chelovek [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities--Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Vserossiiskaia perepis' naseleniia 2002 goda [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian).
  10. ^ Vsesoiuznaia perepis' naseleniia 1989 g. Chislennost' nalichnogo naseleniia soiuznykh i avtonomnykh respublik, avtonomnykh oblastei i okrugov, kraiov, oblastei, raionov, gorodskikh poselenii i siol-raitsentrov [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Vsesoiuznaia perepis' naseleniia 1989 goda [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Institut demografii Natsional'nogo issledovatel'skogo universiteta: Vysshaia shkola ekonomiki [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 - via Demoscope Weekly.
  11. ^ a b c Kratkii istoricheskii obzor (in Russian). Bezhetsky District Administration. Archived from the original on July 7, 2015. Retrieved August 18, 2014.
  12. ^ a b c d e Spravka ob izmeneniiakh v administrativno-territorial'nom delenii Tverskoi gubernii - Kalininskoi oblasti (in Russian). Arkhivy Rossii. Archived from the original on April 19, 2012. Retrieved August 18, 2014.
  13. ^ "17 iiulia 1990 goda Kalinin stal Tver'iu". Tvernews (in Russian). July 17, 2021.
  14. ^ Kamensky 2006
  15. ^ Bezhetskii raion (in Russian). Zakonodatel'noe sobranie Tverskoi Oblasti. Archived from the original on August 26, 2013. Retrieved August 29, 2013.
  16. ^ Pamiatniki istorii i kul'tury narodov Rossiiskoi Federatsii (in Russian). Russian Ministry of Culture. Retrieved June 2, 2016.
  17. ^ Bezhetskii literaturno-memorial'nyi i kraevedcheskii muzei (in Russian). Rossiiskaia set' kul'turnogo naslediia. Archived from the original on August 26, 2013. Retrieved August 30, 2013.

Sources

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  • A. B. Kamenskii (A. B. Kamensky). Povsednevnost' russkikh gorodskikh obyvatelei (Everyday Life of Russian City Dwellers). M., RGGU, 2006. ISBN 5-7281-0807-5
  • Zakonodatel'noe Sobranie Tverskoi oblasti. Zakon No. 34-ZO ot 17 aprelia 2006 g. <>, v red. Zakona No. 66-ZO ot 1 oktiabria 2014 g. <>. Vstupil v silu so dnia ofitsial'nogo opublikovaniia. Opublikovan: "Tverskie vedomosti", No. 17 (spetsial'nyi vypusk), 19 aprelia 2006 g. (Legislative Assembly of Tver Oblast. Law #34-ZO of April 17, 2006 On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Tver Oblast, as amended by the Law #66-ZO of October 1, 2014 On Amending Article 18 of the Law of Tver Oblast "On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Tver Oblast". Effective as of the official publication date.).
  • Zakonodatel'noe Sobranie Tverskoi oblasti. Zakon No. 18-ZO ot 28 fevralia 2005 g. <>, v red. Zakona No. 55-ZO ot 13 iiulia 2009 g. <>. Vstupil v silu so dnia ofitsial'nogo opublikovaniia. Opublikovan: "Tverskie vedomosti", No. 10, 11-17 marta 2005 g. (Legislative Assembly of Tver Oblast. Law #18-ZO of February 28, 2005 On Establishing the Borders of the Municipal Formations Comprised by the Territory of the Municipal Formation of "Bezhetsky District" and on Granting Them the Status of Urban and Rural Settlements, as amended by the Law #55-ZO of July 13, 2009 On Amending Appendix 1 of the Law of Tver Oblast "On Establishing the Borders of the Municipal Formations Comprised by the Territory of the Municipal Formation of "Bezhetsky District" and on Granting Them the Status of Urban and Rural Settlements". Effective as of the day of the official publication.).
  • Zakonodatel'noe Sobranie Tverskoi oblasti. Zakon No. 4-ZO ot 18 ianvaria 2005 g. <>, v red. Zakona No. 65-ZO ot 24 iiulia 2012 g. <>. Vstupil v silu cherez desiat' dnei posle ofitsial'nogo opublikovaniia. Opublikovan: "Tverskie vedomosti", No. 3, 21-27 ianvaria 2005 g. (Legislative Assembly of Tver Oblast. Law #4-ZO of January 18, 2005 On Establishing the Borders of the Municipal Formations of Tver Oblast and on Granting Them the Status of Urban Okrugs, Municipal Districts, as amended by the Law #65-ZO of July 24, 2012 On Amending Article 2 of the Law of Tver Oblast "On Establishing the Borders of the Municipal Formations of Tver Oblast and on Granting Them the Status of Urban Okrugs, Municipal Districts". Effective as of the day which is ten days after the official publication.).
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