Magoua
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Not to be confused with Magwa.
Magoua (French pronunciation: [magwa]) is a particular dialect of basilectal Quebec French spoken in the Trois-Rivieres area, between Trois-Rivieres and Maskinonge. Long before a military fort was constructed there, Trois-Rivieres became in 1615 the first stronghold of the coureurs des bois outside the city of Quebec. Magoua is the ethnonym applied to their descendants in the area. Magoua is the most conservative of all Quebec French varieties, including Joual. It preserves the sontaient ("etaient") characteristic of Metis French and Louisiana French, has a creole-like past tense particle ta and has old present-tense contraction of a former verb "to be" that behave in the same manner as subject clitics.
Its name may derive from a word in Atikamekw: Makwa (French: huard), which means loon (Gavia immer).
Morphology and vocabulary
[edit]| Magoua | Standard French | English |
|---|---|---|
| mouen | moi, je | I |
| toue | toi, tu | you |
| (mouen) ch(u) ta ben malad | j'etais tres malade | I was very sick |
| (mouen) chu la pis j'res | j'y suis, j'y reste | I am here, and I stay |
| i son ta deus euzot | ils etaient deux | There were two of them |
| Ti-Oui i ben malad | Louis est tres malade | Louis is very sick |
| Ti-Oui i ta ben malad | Louis etait tres malade | Louis was very sick |
| Ti-Oui ta pour t'aider | Louis t'aurait aide | Louis would have helped you |
| ta mer tu la? | ta mere est-elle la? | Is your mother at home? |
| ta mer ta tu la? | ta mere etait-elle la? | Was your mother at home? |
| (nouzot) ouen ta pour viend | nous serions venus | We would have come |
| vouzot ta apra bouer | vous etiez en train de boire | You all were drinking |
| m'a fer sa | je le ferai | I will do it |
| t'a fer sa | tu le feras | You will do it |
| ouan ale wer wer si la djob ta fet | nous irons voir si le travail a ete vraiment fait. | We will go and see if the job was really done |
| mon kien | le mien | mine |
| ton kien | le tien | yours |
| a gar | a la gare | at the train station |
| dan kour | dans la cour | in the yard |
| dan kor | dans le corps | in the body |
| ya ben karant onz d'skotch dan kor | Il a bien quarante onces de scotch dans le corps | He must have been drinking 40 ounces of Scotch |
| kosen | vieillerie, truc, chose, affaire | old stuff |
| en plente d'kosen | une grosse quantite d'objets divers | plenty of stuff |
| ranmas te kosen pi dekris | prends tes affaires et vas-t'en | Pick up your things and scram! |
| tokap | penis, sans allure, con | penis, idiot |
| tokapin | conne | idiotic woman |
| parle magoua | parler magoua | to speak Magoua, "comme les gens de chez nous" |
| en cour d'Magoua | une cour en desordre ou on trouve de tout | a courtyard that looks like Ali Baba's cave |
| en vra Magoua | un Magoua de souche; un vrai debrouillard | a person of Magoua descent; someone without "proper European" manners; a resourceful person |
Bibliography
[edit]- Demharter, Cheryl A. 1980. <
> The French Review 53.848-864. - Demharter, Cheryl A. 1981. Une Etude phonologique du francais parle a Sainte-Flore, Province de Quebec. Tulane University, New Orleans: Ph.D. dissertation.[1]
- Deshaies, Denise. 1974. A socio-phonetic study of a Quebec French community: Trois-Rivieres. University College of London: Doctoral thesis, 390 p.[2] Archived 2022-05-20 at the Wayback Machine
- Deshaies, Denise. 1982. "Le francais parle a Trois-Rivieres et le francais parle dans la ville de Quebec". Langue et Societe au Quebec, Quebec, 11-13 novembre 1982 (Atelier 215).
- Deshaies, Denise. 1984. "Deux analyses sociolinguistiques: Trois-Rivieres et Quebec". In Michel Amyot & Gilles Bibeau [fr] (ed.), Le statut culturel du francais au Quebec. Quebec: Editeur officiel du Quebec, vol. 2, p. 206-208.[3]
- Hardy, Rene. 2015. <
> La Gazette de la Mauricie, 9 janvier.[4] - Michaud, Emmanuel. 2014. Ni Amerindiens ni Eurocanadiens: une approche neomoderne du culturalisme metis au Canada. These Ph.D., Universite Laval, Quebec.[5] Archived 2017-11-07 at the Wayback Machine
- Wittmann, Henri, 1976. <
> Cahiers de linguistique de l'Universite du Quebec 6.13-22.[6] - Wittmann, Henri (1995), "Grammaire comparee des varietes coloniales du francais populaire de Paris du 17e siecle et origines du francais quebecois" (PDF), in Fournier, Robert & Henri Wittmann; Wittmann, Henri (eds.), Le francais des Ameriques, Trois-Rivieres: Presses universitaires de Trois-Rivieres, pp. 281-334
- Wittmann, Henri (1996), "La forme phonologique comparee du parler magoua de la region de Trois-Rivieres" (PDF), in Fournier, Robert (ed.), Melanges linguistiques, Trois-Rivieres: Presses universitaires de Trois-Rivieres, pp. 225-243
- Wittmann, Henri, 1998. Les creolismes syntaxiques du francais magoua parle aux Trois-Rivieres." Francais d'Amerique: variation, creolisation, normalisation ('Actes du colloque, Universite d'Avignon, 8-11 oct. 1996'), dir. Patrice Brasseur, 229-48. Avignon: Universite d'Avignon, Centre d'etudes canadiennes.[7]
- Wittmann, Henri, 1999. "Les equivalents non existentiels du verbe etre dans les langues de l'Afrique de l'Ouest, en creole haitien et en francais magoua." Communication, 9e Congres international des etudes creoles, Aix-en-Provence, 24-29 juin 1999. English abstract: "Non-existential analogues of the verb to be in West African Languages, in Haitian Creole and in Magoua French."[8]
- Wittmann, Henri, 2001. "Les Magouas aux Trois-Rivieres." Conference, Premier Seminaire annuel du Centre d'analyse des langues et litteratures francophones d'Amerique, Carleton University, Ottawa, mars 2001.
See also
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